First of all, pour raw lentils into a pot, and properly rinse them 3-4 times with water till they are completely clean. After that soak the dal in water and let it rest for 30 minutes.
Meanwhile, heat the oil in a cooker, add cumin seeds, and let it crackle. Add black cardamom, asafoetida, and bay leaves, and saute.
Add minced ginger and garlic, and saute. Before the garlic turns brown, add onion, and saute it on high flame it gets a light golden brown color. Add green chilies, and saute.
Lower the flame, and add turmeric powder, red chili powder, and coriander powder. Mix them well.
Add a splash of water if the spices are burning, and add tomatoes and salt and mix them well. Saute them on high flame till the oil separates.
Drain out the water from the dal. You'll see that the dal has bloated a bit. Add them to the cooker with the masala, and roast it for 1 minute till the moisture of the dal evaporates.
Transfer the dal and masala to a pressure cooker, pour water into it, and put it on medium-high flame.
Let it whistle only once, then lower the heat, and simmer the dal for 10-15 minutes. Switch off the flame, and let the steam escape on its own.
In a ladle, heat ghee, and add minced garlic. Once it turns light brown, add red chili powder, mix them, and quickly mix it with the dal.
Your kali masoor dal is ready to be served.